Whose security? whose interest?: U.S. military action, Nigeria’s internal failure, and the dynamics of ECOWAS in West Africa

On 7 December 2025, the Nigerian Air Force provided immediate air support to the Armed Forces of Benin to counter an attempted coup, alongside the deployment of Nigerian ground troops. Notably, this intervention occurred prior to the formal mobilisation of ECOWAS, underscoring Nigeria’s role as the de facto regional security provider.