CAMBRIDGE – Many people fear that AI could cause a “job-pocalypse.” This year’s Davos gathering sounded the alarm over the technology’s implications for employment, while recent announcements about job cuts in white-collar industries are widely viewed as straws in the wind. But AI’s broader effects on businesses have not received nearly enough attention. While a majority of firms have so far not adopted AI, according to the most reliable surveys, continued uptake will likely be accompanied by significant corporate reorganization. That is because AI is an information technology, affecting decision-making processes. Prior waves of digital technology from the 1990s onwards transformed businesses in several ways. Computational and communications advances underpinned the internet, which became mobile with the arrival of smartphones and wireless network technologies. They enabled the shift from vertically integrated production to globally distributed supply chains, and from corporate hierarchies to “delayered” organizations. To be sure, policy and regulatory changes aided the