Encounters with great art can be absorbing, unsettling and even painful. How has this been tamed into mere ‘reading for pleasure’? It is the UK’s National Year of Reading. Specifically, this government-led scheme is about “reading for pleasure” and “the joy of reading”. This is not a matter of whimsy. Research has linked reading for pleasure in childhood to a host of positive educational and socioeconomic outcomes. But now – 14 years after the Department for Education, in a more innocent time, commissioned a chunky report on the matter – reading books for pleasure is an activity in crisis. The culprit usually blamed for this falling-off is the smartphone and its many short-term distractions; the mere presence of a smartphone in the room, recent research suggests , has an impact on our ability to concentrate. People are losing the mental means of getting lost in literature, it seems. There are lots of things that seem to be slightly off-kilter here. If reading really was such an immense pleasure, wouldn’t people be doing it anyway? Isn’t there something of a contradiction between the idea of reading “for pleasure” and the notion that engaging in this activity brings a ton of extrinsic benefits (all that extra “attainment”)? There’s something else, too: surely it’s not only the reading itself that’s important, but what you choose to read, and what you do with the experience of having read it. The current moment’s anxiety around smartphones seems to have ironed out all the doubts and provisos that earlier ages – sometimes sensibly – placed around reading. In Jane Austen’s Persuasion, the work of Byron – with all its “hopeless agony” – is not advised as sensible reading matter for a melancholy man, and the reading of novels has to be defended in her novel Northanger Abbey; Homer is excluded from Plato’s Republic in part because the poems include morally questionable scenes of gods behaving badly. I’m the last person to want to ban Homer. But self-evidently, there are some books that may harm you, even if you take pleasure in reading them – just as spending all day online may harm you. Charlotte Higgins is the Guardian’s chief culture writer Continue reading...