As the US war on Iran rages, Angela Diffley welcomes Dr Renad Mansour, Senior Research Fellow on the Middle East and North Africa program at Chatham House. Iran is operating in “survival mode,” explains Mr. Mansour. For decades, Iran relied heavily on proxy militias and non-state actors across the Middle East and now increasingly willing to directly engage in confrontation. Tehran’s strategy for an asymmetric war is strategic disruption to transform a bilateral conflict into one with regional and global economic consequences.