Germany’s push for a social-ecological market economy rests on far-reaching state interventions in energy and industry, including a government-driven hydrogen strategy. In a recent report, Germany’s Federal Audit Office explicitly describes the policy as a planned economy and highlights fundamental problems. At the same time, it doubts that the government will reach its own targets, indicating that these climate-policy experiments are likely to fail even on their own terms. Germany’s “social-ecological transformation” is the political program of turning the existing social market economy into what the government calls a “social-ecological market economy.” In practice, this means that climate and environmental targets are placed above the spontaneous outcomes of markets, and the state increasingly directs investment, production, and consumption through detailed regulation, bans, subsidies, and new bureaucratic structures. The federal government has committed itself—through the Paris Agreement, the EU Green Deal, the EU Climate Law, and Germany’s own Climate Change Act—to achieving greenhouse-gas neutrality by 2045. On this basis, it is pushing a comprehensive restructuring of the entire energy and industrial base. Fossil fuels are to be phased out and replaced by renewable energy sources and new technologies. To enforce this, Berlin is tightening emissions limits, introducing sector-specific reduction paths, and expanding carbon pricing. At the same time, […]