The Korea Times
SEOUL—Discussions of the global artificial intelligence (AI) race typically focus on the contest between the two innovation leaders — the United States and China — with the rest of the world positioned effectively as spectators. But while the US and China are pushing the frontiers of AI development, from foundation models to advanced semiconductor design, they will not dictate the technology’s economic impact. Those who apply it will. While the invention of general-purpose technologies like AI creates new opportunities, it is the diffusion of these technologies across industries and economies that leads to transformation. Electricity, the internal combustion engine, and the internet took decades to generate large productivity gains because firms had to reorganize production, invest in infrastructure, and cultivate new skills. Early evidence suggests that AI is likely to follow a similar trajectory. Last year, roughly 16 percent of the world’s working-age population used generative AI tools on a monthly basis. But adoption rates varied widely across countries, and the fastest
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